Propylene glycol viscosity vs temperature. Propylene Glycol Formula: C 3 H 8 O 2 Molecular weight: 76.

Propylene glycol viscosity vs temperature 0 – 10. Fujuta, T. May 20, 2024 · The viscosity of propylene glycol solution is 96 centipoise at -10°F, while ethylene glycol is 27 centipoise at the same temperature. Try our glycol calculator listed below. 6°F). Click on the button to Apr 22, 2025 · Ethylene glycol generally has a lower viscosity than propylene glycol at the same temperature. Ethanol - Dynamic and Kinematic Viscosity vs. Properties of a 50-50 ethylene glycol-water mixture: Freezing point: Approximately -37°C (-34. However, they have some differences in terms of their properties and applications. Add some antifreeze and the viscosity increase becomes dramatic. Aug 1, 2012 · Density, viscosity, surface tension and molar volume of propylene glycol + water mixtures at 293, 298, 303, 308, 313, 318, and 323 K are reported, compared with the available literature data and Conclusion In conclusion, Dipropylene Glycol (DPG) and Propylene Glycol (PG) are two glycol compounds with distinct attributes and applications. ; Nomura, H. The following table provides a list of dynamic (absolute) viscosity values for different liquids, taken at room temperature (approximately 20°C or 68°F) and 1 atmospheric (atm) pressure. slightly viscous liquid which is far less hygroscopic than other common glycols. List of common fluids and their viscosities, with sources included. 5 % (at the 95 % confidence level), except in the dilute The differences between dynamic, absolute, and kinematic viscosity - a fluids resistance to flow - with definitions, unit conversions, and practical applications for engineers and scientists. 050 – 1. DOWFROST™ LC 25% is a specially formulated inhibited propylene glycol based thermal fluid for use in datacom equipment cooling systems or DECS loops. Industrially, propylene glycol is mainly produced from propylene oxide (for food-grade use). Dipropylene Glycol (DPG) Dipropylene Glycol is a clear, colorless liquid. 1 Oct 25, 2017 · The density and viscosity of propylene glycol have been simultaneously measured over the temperature range from (298–452) K and at pressures up to 245 MPa using a combined method of hydrostatic weighing and falling-body techniques, respectively. Densities, and therefore specific gravities, vary with temperature; hence it is necessary to indicate This table highlights the viscosity and surface tension of a variety of solvents and other liquids. This difference is due to the molecular structure and intermolecular forces between the molecules of each type of glycol. The following table provides a comprehensive list of propylene glycol properties in both SI and US customary/Imperial units at normal temperature and pressure (NTP). However, if the heat exchanger is DX, the leaving brine temperature limit for propylene glycol can be extended down to -25°F and ethylene glycol down to -30°F r There are basically five groups of common brines: Propylene Glycol based Heat-Transfer Fluids Freezing points of propylene glycol based heat-transfer fluids suitable for the food processing industry. Liquid Densities Fluid Characteristics Chart Table Reference Fluid Flow Table of Contents Hydraulic and Pneumatic Knowledge Fluid Characteristics Chart Table: for Vapour Pressure kPa, Density, Kinematic Viscosity at specified temperature. al [26] in their study investigated the viscosity of nanofluids composed of graphene and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) dispersed in Propylene Glycol and water mixtures. Relationships between density, dynamic viscosity, and kinematic viscosity were used to compare the solutions. It is a thick, syrupy liquid that is odorless and The density and viscosity of propylene glycol have been simultaneously measured over the temperature range from (298e452) K and at pressures up to 245 MPa using a combined method of hydrostatic weighing and falling-body techniques, respectively. DOWFROSTTM Heat Transfer Fluid contains specially formulated packages of industrial inhibitors that help prevent corrosion. Jun 25, 2024 · The Viscosity Variable It is important to realize that kinematic viscosity of the coolant increases significantly as the temperature decreases. Propylene Glycol Typically, either ethylene glycol or propylene glycol are used in HVAC closed loops, with the type of glycol and its concentration determining the freeze point and other physical properties (see Table One). Ethylene glycol's higher boiling point, lower freezing point, and higher viscosity make it ideal for applications requiring temperature stability and thicker fluids. According to a 2018 source, 2. Density, Viscosity and Thermal Conductivity of Aqueous Solutions of Propylene Glycol, Dipropylene Glycol, and Tripropylene Glycol between 290 K and 460 K Solubility of Valdecoxib in the Presence of Glycerol, Propylene Glycol, and Poly (ethylene glycol) 400 at (298. Propylene Glycol Heat Transfer Fluid Freeze Point Chart Freezing Point °F 32. The instrument was calibrated at 25 °C using two calibration fluids: distilled water and viscosity standard fluid no 5 (purchased from Brookfield Engineering). Consider this The document provides technical data on propylene glycol heat transfer fluid including its typical physical properties, freezing and boiling points at different concentrations, technical properties like specific heat and viscosity at varying temperatures and concentrations, and volumetric measurements for pipes of different diameters. If the engine has an oil cooler whose temperature is regulated by the engine coolant (or no oil cooler), it could send oil temperature into an unsafe range. Formally, viscosity is the ratio of shearing stress to velocity gradient. Dynamic viscosity is useful to know when designing pumping systems. DOWFROST™ LC 25% is a prediluted PG25 solution of propylene glycol in water with proprietary anticorrosion inhibitors to maximize thermal transfer and cooling control. Freezing Point1 of DOWFROSTTM LC Heat Transfer Fluid based on Glycol Concentration and Refractive Index1 The propylene glycol concentration and, therefore, freezing point can be determined by measuring refractive index and consulting the table below. Related Resources: The goal of this experiment was to test the relationship of viscosity and composition by using the viscosity of the unknown substance to find its composition. Choosing between propylene glycol and ethylene glycol fluids In addition to DOWFROST propylene glycol-based fluids, DOWTHERM® ethylene glycol-based fluids are also available. 90 0. ; Miyahara, Y. Dynalene PG Series Overview Propylene glycol (PG), also known as monopropylene glycol or 1,2-propanediol, is a colorless, odorless, slightly viscous fluid that is miscible in water. mperature is lower the temperature indicated. The principal end uses of PG include coolants, industrial solvent, chemical intermediate Feb 2, 2011 · Propylene (C 3 H 6) is a colorless gas. Informally, viscosity is the quantity that describes a fluid's resistance to flow. Thermodynamcs Specific Heat of Aqueous Solutions of Propylene Glycol Concentrations in Volume Percent Propylene Glycol Specific Heat given in BTU / lb-°F Related Viscosity of Aqueous Solutions of Ethylene Glycol Antifreeze Thermal Conductivity Antifreeze Ethylene Glycol Air Density Table and Specific Weight Table, Equations and Calculator Liquids with high viscosity are thick and flow slowly, while liquids with low viscosity are thin and flow more easily. Feb 4, 2025 · Discover the key differences between propylene glycol and ethylene glycol, including their applications, safety, and environmental impact. Long-term studies by independent panels of medical and scientific experts, as well as industry experts, have demonstrated the safety of Propylene Glycol in all cosmetic and personal care applications. Figure 1 shows the effects of both temperature and ethylene glycol (a common antifreeze compound) on kinematic viscosity. Notify local health and pollution control agencies. 5 1. 97-. Dec 10, 2011 · Higher coolant temperatures would be expected to raise piston temperature - by how much, is anyone's guess. It is essentially colorless and has a slight odor and a very slight acid taste. Temperature and Pressure Online calculator, figures and tables showing dynamic and kinematic viscosity of ethanol, C 2 H 5 OH, at varying temperature and pressure - Imperial and SI Units. Temperature Rating Freeze protecting of cooling systems - temperature rating vs. Calculate and reference the viscosity of propylene glycol across concentration and temperature ranges. Both chemistries are well established as effective solutions for temperature control, but how do they differ and which solution is the right fluid for your requirement? This article aims to simplify & answer those questions From five to 5,000 gallons, we offer you the opportunity to tailor-make propylene and ethylene glycol to your exact needs for any job on which you or your customers are working. 5% and is available from The Dow Chemical Company in drum, IBC and bulk quantities. Ethylene vs. 15, and 308. Kawaizumi, F. Technical & Engineering Data HEAT TRANSFER FLUID - PROPYLENE GLYCOL Typical Physical Properties ¤ Propylene glycol ¤ Inhibitor Package & Water ¤ Color ¤ pH of solution @ 50% glycol ¤ Specific gravity @ 60/60 F ¤ Reserve Alkalinity (min) 95% 5% Colorless 9. Corrosion Table for Propylene Glycol – Water Mixtures: Mixtures of propylene glycol and water are more corrosive than pure water so additives should be used in order to ensure the integrity of the circuit. With nearly 80 years of expertise and as the oldest back-integrated supplier of glycol-based heat transfer fluids, Dow is a supplier you can trust and depend on. TPG is a colorless, water soluble, medium viscosity, hygroscopic liquid with a low vapor pressure, low toxicity and a faint glycol-specific odor. , Heat capacities of aqueous solutions of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and 1,3-butanediol, Nippon Kagaku. Propylene Glycol (PG) Propylene Glycol is a viscous, stable, hygroscopic liquid. 1 26. A number of known concentration solutions of propylene glycol and one unknown concentration solution were tested. This could result in the viscosity being in an undesirable range. A 50-50 ethylene glycol-water mixture is a common coolant used in various applications, such as automotive engines and HVAC systems. 15) K Properties like freezing point, viscosity, specific gravity and specific heat of ethylene glycol based heat-transfer fluids, or brines. 950 1 n-Butyl Acetate =1 3 COC 9 Union Carbide 10 Eastman 11 25°C Jan 10, 2022 · We present a new wide-ranging correlation for the viscosity of propane-1,2-diol (propylene glycol) based on critically evaluated experimental data. The properties of this mixture and air are important for understanding their behavior under different conditions. The Engineering ToolBox provides a wide range of free tools, calculators, and information resources aimed at engineers and Dec 23, 2020 · For instance, at a temperature of − 23 • C, the viscosity is 96 cP for propylene glycol and 27 cP for ethylene glycol [31, 32]. 15, 303. Since Sep 28, 2020 · Learn how ethylene glycol and propylene glycol are different and how to choose between them when deciding on low-temperature heat transfer media. There are two major differences between propylene and ethylene glycol fluids: viscosity and toxicity. Jun 21, 2024 · Glycol Capacities and Correction Tables * At standard ARI 590 conditions: 54°F entering fluid temperature, 44°F leaving fluid temperature, 95°F ambient temperature, 0. 5 % (at the 95 % confidence level), except in the dilute Corrosion Table for Propylene Glycol – Water Mixtures: Mixtures of propylene glycol and water are more corrosive than pure water so additives should be used in order to ensure the integrity of the circuit. Related Documents Antifreeze - Ethylene Glycol Volume vs. 0944 IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C3H8O2/c1-3 (5)2-4/h3-5H,2H2,1H3 Copy Jul 1, 2024 · The dynamic viscosity test at each measurement temperature for all propylene glycol solution were repeated twice. The combined expanded uncertainty of the density, pressure, temperature, and viscosity measurements at the 95% confidence level with a coverage Apr 11, 2006 · The heat transfer properties of propylene glycol are slightly less than those of water, (or ethylene glycol for that matter). PGI is a colorless Nov 13, 2025 · The comparison of ethylene glycol vs propylene glycol for industrial cooling reveals clear trade-offs between thermal efficiency and sustainability. PGI is a distilled product with a purity specification of minimum 99. and Kikuchi, S, "Vapor pressure of Aqueous Solutions of Ethylene Glycol", Trans. Because propylene glycol has a low toxicity level, it can be used in equipment that has contact with food products and beverages. Propylene glycol is a synthetic organic compound with a chemical formula C 3 H 8 O 2. TEXANOL 7. Curme and Johnston, Reinhold Publishing Corp. (1 atm = 101,325 Pa) Kinematic Viscosity Table Chart of Liquids and Calculator Fluid Flow Table of Contents Hydraulic and Pneumatic Knowledge Kinematic Viscosity The ratio of the absolute viscosity of a liquid to its density frequently occurs in the study of viscosity and hydraulics and the term "kinematic viscosity" with the symbol V has been assigned to it where p is the density. It also increases the viscosity of the mixture which can provide better lubrication to the seal faces. However, due to its Propylene glycol is also used to create artificial smoke or fog used in fire-fighting training and in theatrical productions. The combined expanded uncertainty of the density, pressure, temperature, and viscosity measurements at the 95% confidence level with a coverage Dynalene PG Series Overview Propylene glycol (PG), also known as monopropylene glycol or 1,2-propanediol, is a colorless, odorless, slightly viscous fluid that is miscible in water. Propylene Glycol Formula: C 3 H 8 O 2 Molecular weight: 76. However, note that solutions of ethylene glycol are less viscous at lower temperatures than solutions containing propylene glycol. The measurements have been performed in the temperature range from -−20°C to 180°C for Viscosity table of common process fluids at 25°C. Civil Engineering Application & Design Resources Fluids Flow Design and Engineering ISO 3448 Viscosity Grade Table The ISO viscosity grade (VG) as specified in ISO 3448, is commonly used to classify oils. Here are values of dynamic viscosity, in centiPoise (cP), for ethylene glycol/water mixtures. Glycerin, also known as glycerol, is a natural compound derived from fats and oils. Dynalene propylene glycols are intended for use in secondary heating and cooling applications, burst and freeze protection of pipes, and various deicing and snow melting systems. It is used in the petrochemical industry as a fuel and alkylate and in the chemical industry for the production of polypropylene, isopropyl alcohol, propylene Apr 11, 2017 · This video illustrates the principles of viscosity, demonstrates how to use a viscometer to determine the unknown concentration of a propylene glycol solution, and discusses some industrial applications. Product Description Propylene Glycol, Industrial (PGI) Grade, (CAS #57-55-6, 1,2-Propanediol) is a high purity material produced by the high temperature and high pressure hydrolysis of propylene oxide (PO) with excess water. Product Series Overview This engineering guide provides operating guidelines, product information, and engineering data for the Dynalene propylene glycol-based heat transfer fluids. The reasons are (1) lower specific heat (2) lower thermal conductivity, and (3) higher viscosity. In addition to these low-temperature pumping considerations, the higher viscosity of propylene glycol over the entire operating temperature range translates to lower heat transfer. (See Table 1) Viscosity at 10°F (40°C), the approximate temperature of machinery, in centistokes (same as mm 2 /s), is used as the index. The researchers employed Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to analyze the effects of nanoparticle concentration and temperature on viscosity. This means that ethylene glycol can be used at temperatures roughly 20 degrees lower than propylene glycol. Sep 1, 2025 · Vajjha et. An analogous table, which also includes Hansen Solubility Parameters and surface tension components, can be seen here. Dow Chemical provides two basic types of low-temperature thermal fluids with their DOWTHERM™ (ethylene glycol based) and DOWFROST™ (propylene glycol based) portfolio. The following table shows the corrosion values of mixtures Propylene Glycol – Water according to ASTM D 1384. We present a new wide-ranging correlation for the viscosity of propane-1,2-diol (propylene glycol) based on critically evaluated experimental data. A table of common liquids grouped by class or type including information on viscosity at a given temperature & whether the liquid is Newtonian or Thixotropic Mar 1, 2006 · Viscosity studies have been made on polypropylene glycol (PPG) of different molar masses [500, 1000, 2000] in both low and medium concentration ranges [lower concentration range 0 to 1% (w/v) and Table of data giving the viscosity of many common liquid substances used in process industries. Learn which glycol suits your needs. DOWFROST™ LC 25% heat transfer fluid provides freeze protection for the Glycol Capacities and Correction Tables The charts, above, illustrate the differences between propylene based and ethylene based glycol. Common SynonymsThick liquid Colorless Odorless Mixes with water. 1,2-Dihydroxypropane Methylethylene glycol 1,2-Propanediol Keep people away. Dynalene propylene glycol products are comprised of inhibited and uninhibited non-toxic propylene glycol solutions from <10% PG to up to 100% PG. Propylene glycol is clear, colorless, slightly syrupy liquid at room temperature. Because propylene glycol fluids have low acute oral toxicity, DOWFROSTTM propylene glycol-based fluids are often used in applications where contact with food or beverage products could occur. 16 M tonnes are produced annually. Low-temperature heat transfer applications regularly use anti-freezing agents like propylene glycol (PG) to enable lower-temp operation. Dynamic viscosity of aqueous glycerol solution profiles versus temperature values depending on the mass concentration of glycerol, based on literature data [77]. 060 11. [7] Manufacturers use either non-catalytic high-temperature process at 200 °C (392 °F) to 220 °C (428 °F), or a catalytic method, which proceeds at 150 °C (302 °F) to 180 °C (356 °F) in the presence of ion exchange resin or a Find viscosity tables and charts for automotive antifreeze at multiple temperatures (viscosity and density values with their source). It is obtained by thermal cracking of ethylene. Alfa Chemistry provides viscosity data for common liquids enabling researchers and engineers to make informed decisions in product development and quality control. However, due to its toxicity, the EPA classifies ethylene glycol as a hazardous substance per SARA 313, which means it is subject to strict reporting requirements in the event of a spill or discharge Download scientific diagram | Thermo-physical properties of 25% propylene glycol in temperature range of interest from publication: Design, Development, and Characterization of a Flow Control The red curve is the maximum temperature curve, and the blue curve is the melting line if one is available for the fluid. Liquids - Dynamic Viscosities Absolute (dynamic) viscosity values for some common fluids. Propylene Glycol In industrial applications, ethylene glycol is more commonly used due to lower cost, lower viscosity (lower pumping cost), and better heat transfer properties. Comparing properties like specific gravity, freezing points and viscosity for secondary coolants like calcium chloride, sodium chloride, ethylene glycol and propylene glycol. To begin, let's review the principles of viscosity. Includes water, hydrocarbons, oils & chemicals for quick reference in design & engineering. ; Otake, T. 0 29. Glycerin vs. Apr 10, 2009 · Although the graphs below show the densities of glycols and glycol-water solutions, it may sometimes be desirable to know the specific gravities at certain temperatures. Glycol Calculator Calculate glycol concentrations for freeze protection in hydronic heating, chilled water, solar, and geothermal systems. It is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless liquid that is commonly used in various industrial and consumer products. of the Japan Society of Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers, (2011), Vol 6, pp. Search is the most efficient way to navigate the Engineering ToolBox. Aug 1, 1984 · Thermal conductivity, density, and viscosity of ethylene glycol – water mixtures have been measured. Tripropylene glycol (TPG) is also a co-product in the manufacture of propylene glycol (PG), from the hydrolysis of propylene oxide (PO) with excess water. The specific gravity can be obtained by dividing the density of the glycol or glycol-water solution by the density of water. It is an excellent solvent completely miscible with water and many organic compounds such as ethanol, benzene, toluene, castor oil, carbon tetrachloride, monoethanolamine and diethanolamine. , New York (1952). 0005 fouling American Chillers & Cooling Tower Systems recommends propylene based glycols because of their non-hazardous nature and as such, we must be aware of the effects on the standard refrigeration heat exchangers and . Call fire department. While DPG offers higher temperature stability and enhanced performance as a solvent and coupling agent, PG's lower cost and versatility make it a popular choice in various industries. Therefore, they generally provide Propylene Glycol Viscosity of Aqueous Propylene Glycol Solutions Viscosity Chart Viscosity of Aqueous Propylene Glycol Solutions Source: Glycols. Absolute or dynamic viscosities for some common liquids at temperature 300 K are indicated below: Mar 22, 2021 · Data is available for both high-temperature and low-temperature brines and hydrocarbons. In this figure, we start off with a state point given by T,P and then we calculate each of the other possible output pairs in turn, and then try to re-calculate T,P from the new input pair. 93) depending on the concentration. The correlation is designed to be used with an existing equation of state, and it is valid from the triple point of 243 K to 452 K, at pressures up to 245 MPa. required amount of antifreeze. However, at very low ambient temps, properly calculating critical fluid properties like viscosity, fluid velocity, and their impacts on heat transfer becomes more complex. The estimated uncertainty is 4. Other names for propylene glycol are 1,2-dihydroxypropane, 1,2-propanediol, methyl glycol, and trimethyl glycol. Ethylene Glycol Heat-Transfer Fluid Properties: Density, Data & Charts Properties like freezing point, viscosity, specific gravity and specific heat of ethylene glycol based heat-transfer fluids, or brines. Includes viscosity effects, heat transfer penalties, and cost analysis. Protect water intakes. Nov 9, 2025 · Propylene glycol (CAS 57-55-6) information, including chemical properties, structure, melting point, boiling point, density, formula, molecular weight, uses, prices Ethylene vs. Oct 24, 2019 · The most common mixtures are water with either Ethylene Glycol (EG) or Propylene Glycol (PG). Propylene Glycol What's the Difference? Glycerin and propylene glycol are both commonly used in various industries, including cosmetics, food, and pharmaceuticals. The addition of a glycol to the water depresses the freezing point and elevates the boiling point. Ethylene glycol-based fluids are less viscous than propylene glycol-based fluids. Related Thermal Conductivity Propylene Glycol Specific Heat of Propylene Glycol Viscosity of Aqueous Solutions of Ethylene Glycol Antifreeze Viscosity Index Review Kinematic Viscosity Equation Application Water - Density Viscosity Specific Weight Apparent Viscosity Grease Review Viscosity of Air, Dynamic and Kinematic SAE J300 Motor Oil Viscosity Classification and Properties Kinematic Freezing points of propylene glycol based heat-transfer fluids suitable for the food processing industry. Propylene glycol is completely miscible with water and many organic solvents and will dissolve a number of resins, dyes and essential oils. For glycol products, such as our Dynalene EG and PG, thermophysical properties vary with percentage as well as temperature, so our calculator allows you to choose your desired glycol weight percent. 0 ml Jul 1, 2017 · The density and viscosity of propylene glycol have been simultaneously measured over the temperature range from (298–452) K and at pressures up to 245 MPa using a combined method of hydrostatic Propylene Glycol has also been extensively tested for chronic effects, such as cancer and reproductive problems. Jan 15, 2021 · The viscosity of that propylene glycol solution is 96 centipoise at -10°F, and the ethylene glycol will be 27 centipoise at the same temperature. Since we recommend propylene based glycols because of their non-hazardous nature, we must be aware of the effects on the standard refrigeration heat exchangers and pumps. This means ethylene glycol can be used at temperatures approximately 20 degrees lower than propylene glycol. 183-186 (for ethylene glycol and water} 5. May 27, 2006 · If a substance like glycol (ethylene or propylene) is mixed with water it in effect lowers the heat capacity of the liquid (. In these types of applications, adding propylene glycol to the water will achieve the desired operating temperature. Density, Viscosity and Thermal Conductivity of Aqueous Solutions of Propylene Glycol, Dipropylene Glycol, and Tripropylene Glycol between 290 K and 460 K Vapor Liquid Equilibria for Water + Propylene Glycols Binary Systems: Experimental Data and Regression 4. Ethylene glycol delivers 20-25% better heat transfer performance and 20-30% lower material costs while carrying significant toxicity and environmental risks. In HVAC applications, ethylene glycol is more widely used because of its lower cost, lower viscosity, and better heat transfer properties. In the metric system, the unit Conclusion Ethylene glycol and propylene glycol are two versatile glycols with distinct attributes that make them suitable for different applications. At low concentration it forms an explosive and flammable mixture with air, while at high concentrations it can cause asphyxiation and skin burns. Are you designing a heat transfer system? Feb 1, 2017 · Density, viscosity, surface tension and molar volume of propylene glycol + water mixtures at 293, 298, 303, 308, 313, 318, and 323 K are reported, compared with the available literature data and the Jouyban–Acree model was used for mathematical correlation of the data. Oct 25, 2017 · The density and viscosity of propylene glycol have been simultaneously measured over the temperature range from (298–452) K and at pressures up to 245 MPa using a combined method of hydrostatic weighing and falling-body techniques, respectively. sowoxpp mhppxjx kpszjz jgmqz zoaci nrzx fwtzvy dxatfml ukb oiiybm rwabj dpq quylyx pnjji fvspwexan