Multiplexer truth table. It consist of 2 power n input and 1 output.

Multiplexer truth table On the basis of the truth table of the 4:1 MUX we can write the equation of the multiplexer. The 4 to 1 multiplexer circuit diagram and truth table are essential tools for any engineer or technician looking to create an output from one of several inputs. The truth tables in the question only has 4 entries and therefor falls short of describing a 2:1 multiplexer. Explain the concept and working of quadruple 2 to 1 line multiplexer. 7. In this article, we will discuss the features of the 8 1 mux truth table and explain An effective way for using MUX to implement Logic Functions. The multiplexer takes four binary inputs (A, B, C, and D) and one control signal (S). 0 1 f Truth Table for a 2-1 Multiplexer Let’s Derive the SOP form Let’s Derive the SOP form Nov 12, 2018 · A complete line by line explanation, implementation and the VHDL code for multiplexer using behavioral architecture and if-else statements. Jun 9, 2023 · 8:1 mux truth tableUnderstanding 8 1 Mux Truth Table and Wiring Diagrams The 8 1 multiplexer (mux) truth table is a key component in almost all electrical and electronic systems. The 1x8 DEMUX contains two input lines with four outputs. On the other hand, from a given truth table we can find the logic equation Jul 23, 2025 · We have Seen their Working Principle, Types, Truth Table and their Symbolic representation. 2. A multiplexer is an electronic device used in electrical engineering for switching electromagnetic signals. It's perfect if you need to quickly create a schematic or table for a project, or if you want to prototype something before investing in the real-world components. At its core, a 4 to 1 multiplexer is a switch that can route signals from four input channels to one output channel. Example - 8-to-1 multiplexer from Smaller MUX Truth Table S2 A multiplexer (MUX) is a combinational circuit that connects any one input line to the single output line based on its control input signal. org Sep 27, 2020 · Therefore, the multiplexer is ‘many into one’ and it works as the digital equivalent of an analog selector switch. Jun 12, 2022 · The truth-table can in fact be implemented with a 2-1 multiplexer: A minimized expression for the function depicted by the truth-table is Y = X1 X3 + X3' X4 In words: Output Y is X1 for X3 true. Then the expression is minimized using boolean algebraic rules. Example - 8-to-1 multiplexer from Smaller MUX Truth Table S2 Nov 24, 2022 · A multiplexer truth table is a tabular representation of the logic states of output signals that can be produced by the MUX as a result of two or more input signals. Further, multiplexers integrated circuits are having ENABLE input, which has to to be activated to perform the multiplexer operation. The truth table for the 4:1 mux is given in the table below. See full list on electronicshub. Explanation Here, the inputs A and B are applied to the select lines S 1, and S 0 respectively. In this case, the truth table contains eight columns, one for each of the 8 inputs, and eight columns for the 8 possible select line combinations. As can be seen, for SEL value "10" and "11", IN2 is selected at the output (this is one of the 3 possible scenarios, repetition of IN0 or IN1 is also possible). A multiplexer, abbreviated mux, is a device that has multiple inputs and one output. Output in truth table can be four forms i. Multiplexer is one of the crucial components of a communication system used to transmit multiple signals of a communication channel. , D0 or D0 ) Jul 23, 2025 · We will see their Circuit Diagram, Truth Table, Block Diagram, and Logical Expression. Each one has a different circuit, truth table, boolean expression, and working principle. Truth Table for Multiplexer 4 to 1 Mux 4 to 1 design So, we have 2^n-to-1 Multiplexers, where n is the number of selection lines. Its output is depending on value of select inputs or select lines. Learn how multiplexers work as data selectors that switch one of several input lines to a single output line using control signals. The schematic symbol for multiplexers is The truth table for a 2-to-1 multiplexer is 4 to 1 Multiplexer is covered by the following Timestamps:0:00 - Digital Electronics - Combinational Circuits0:20 - 4 to 1 Multiplexer0:59 - Block Diagram o Dec 7, 2021 · Below the given truth table of 4 to 1 multiplexer, in this type of MUX have four different inputs combinations 00, 10, 01 and 11 and two select lines switches the inputs A0, A2, D1 and A3 to the output respectively. By studying them in combination, engineers and other professionals can gain an understanding of how a multiplexer works, allowing them to design their own multiplexer circuits accordingly. Jul 22, 2021 · Understanding both the multiplexer circuit diagram and truth table is paramount to understanding how to build and use a multiplexer. Now we are going to discuss each type of multiplexer one by one. At first glance, the 8 1 Mux… Read More » The 74153 MUX has two separate 2-input/4-row MUXs on it. We have already discussed the possible cases of combination of binary values which gives the desired input line as output. From the truth table, it is clear that the function F = 1, when AB = 00, 01, 11. Implantation of Multiplexer using logic gates is given below. Ultimately, being able to confidently read and understand MuX and Demux circuit diagrams and truth tables can open up a lot of doors for those looking to progress their understanding of electronics. A 2:1 multiplexer has 3 inputs. The circuit diagram and truth table of each type of multiplexer are given below. (1): Oct 9, 2022 · The truth table for an 8:1 Mux provides a visual representation of how the device functions. 8. Also we have gone through the Implementation of NAND Gate using 2 : 1 MUX which is an important concept in Digital Electronics for designing and Building the Circuits. One of these 4 inputs will be connected to the output based on the combination of inputs present at these two selection lines. So the next time you come across a multiplexer in your electronic devices, remember Feb 12, 2022 · 4x1 multiplexer truth tableDigital logic is revolutionizing the way we interact with the world. Explain 4 : 1 multiplexer with the help of logic circuit and truth table. We can implement 1×8 Demultiplexer using lower order Multiplexers easily by considering the above Truth table. For X3 false, Y is X4 Input X3 selects either X1 or X4 to be forwarded to output Y. Truth Table Enable(E) = 1 Nov 6, 2019 · A Multiplexer truth table is a logical table that shows the expected results for each possible combination of inputs. Oct 14, 2017 · This article will explain the 4 to 1 multiplexer circuit diagram and truth table, a fundamental component of many types of analog and digital circuits. In this blog, we will explore: What is a 2:1 MUX? Truth Table & Logic Equation Logic Mar 17, 2025 · A multiplexer is a combinational circuit that has 2n input lines and a single output line. The table contains inputs and outputs, and each column represents the output of the multiplexer when the corresponding input is applied. The 8 1 Mux truth table lists all the possible combinations of inputs and output states for the 8 1 Mux. From the partition, we see that three 2:1 multiplexers are needed to implement the 4:1 multiplexer effectively. This works by allowing multiple inputs from different sources, such as audio, video, and other types of signals, to be routed to a single output. The following truth table summarizes the logic states of 1-to-2 Demux: Truth table of 1-to-2 Demux Circuit diagram and symbol of 1-to-2 Demux 1-to-4 Demultiplexer The 1 x 4 De-multiplexer consists of four outputs designated as Z0, Z1, Z2, and Z3, two selection lines denoted as S0 and S1, and a solitary input referred to as I0. Aug 18, 2022 · The 4 to 1 multiplexer circuit diagram and truth table are used to determine the specific conditions under which these multiplexers will operate. It is used to select one out of eight input signals and pass it on to the output. May 6, 2023 · A multiplexer truth table is a tabular representation of the various multiplexer input and output combinations. The truth table can easily be modified for muxes that handle different numbers of inputs by adding or removing control input columns. You could use a 4-1 multiplexer and set the lower select input to X3, while the Using this truth table, we can draw the logic block diagram to realize the function F using a 4:1 MUX which is shown in Figure-2. May 23, 2023 · A multiplexer truth table is a diagram that displays the output of a multiplexer based on its input. In this article, we will dive into the truth table and equation of the 8 1 mux and explore its various applications. By looking at the table, engineers can quickly and easily determine the behavior of a circuit for any given combination of inputs. A multiplexer performs the function of selecting the input on any one of 'n' input lines and feeding this The truth table for a multiplexer is huge for all but the smallest values of n. It shows the input signals, the control signal, and the corresponding output. It is a multiplexer that has 4 inputs and a single output. A minimal mux circuit can be designed by transferring the information in the truth table to a K-map, or by simply inspecting the truth table and writing an SOP equation directly. It selects one of several input signals and forwards it to a single output line based on a select signal. 4 : 1 multiplexer The 4 : 1 multiplexer has 4 inputs and 2 control signals. TRUTH TABLE OF 4:1 MULTIPLEXR: The Truth table of 4:1 mux is as follows: BUILDING BOOLEAN EQUATION: The truth table is drawn for the given function. From this table you could even come up with a Figure 9-22 shows the truth table and the logic circuit for a code converter that converts a 4-bit binary number to the ASCII representation of its hexadecimal digit May 26, 2024 · Cpsc 5155 lecture 04 solved design and implementation of 4x1 mux demux chegg com digital circuits de multiplexers 4 1 graphical symbol a truth table b scientific diagram multiplexer what is it how does work electrical4u demultiplexers exclusive architecture works circuit in electronics javatpoint implement 8 using experiment decoder objective Demultiplexer A demultiplexer (DEMUX) is a combinational circuit that works exactly opposite to a multiplexer. The truth table for 3-input mux is given below. If the select line spells 1 then input 1 is passed, and so on. Now with the help of truth table we find the extended expression. from publication: Non-Interactive Decision Trees and Applications with Multi-Bit TFHE | Machine learning classification algorithms Feb 24, 2025 · Lab 3: Multiplexer and Demultiplexer Introduction : With a given digital circuit, Boolean algebra can be used to find the logic equation of the inputs and the output. It is also known as many to one circuit. We therefore use an abbreviated version of the truth table in which some inputs are replaced by ` - ' to indicate that the input value does not matter. It shows the relationship between the select lines and the output, based on the combination of input values. This can be shown by this truth table. We can also understand this with the In this video, what is a multiplexer, the logic circuit of the multiplexer, and how to implement the Boolean Function using the multiplexer are explained in The Truth table of 1×8 Demultiplexer is shown below. Then, by using the above Boolean Eqaution,construct the circuit Diagram. It works like a switch, allowing a user to select one of many inputs and The 8 1 Mux Truth Table And Equation is an essential component of digital circuit design. A multiplexer of 2 n inputs has n select lines, which are used to select which input line to send to the output. An 8-to-1 multiplexer can be constructed from smaller multiplexers as shown below. The 74153 MUX has two separate 4-row MUXes on it. Mar 20, 2023 · 4X1 Multiplexer A 4×1 multiplexer is a combinational logic circuit that selects one input from four inputs, i. , S0 and S1. 4-to-1 multiplexers are particularly useful for controlling the flow of data Jul 10, 2025 · Demultiplexer or Demux is a combinational circuit that distributes the single input data to a specific output line, also called data distributor. A demultiplexer function exactly in the reverse of a multiplexer, that is a demultiplexer accepts only one input and gives many outputs. — There are four data inputs, so we need two bits, S1 and S0, for the mux selection input. Jul 4, 2022 · A 4 to 1 Multiplexer truth table consists of four input signals or variables, each represented by a single bit. Assigning all the possible logic values to the inputs and calculating the logic equation provides the output in all cases and also the whole truth table. Multiplexer Circuit There are many types of multiplexers – like 2-to-1, 4-to-1, and 8-to-1 multiplexers. e. Simply, the multiplexer is a multi-input and single-output combina The implementation of multiplexer takes three steps: 1. n-row truth table can be implemented using n/2-to-1 MUX: •Write the Logic function in terms of the least significant input variable. State the applications of multiplexers. Input X2 is ignored (as don't care). It consist of 2 power n input and 1 output. In addition, a Multiplexer circuit diagram is a schematic diagram that visually displays how a multiplexer is connected to other components in an electronic system. Learn how multiplexers work, their truth tables, types, and applications in data routing, communication systems, and digital logic design. Dec 5, 2019 · I found this truth table for a 4-to-1 MUX: (circuit for context) I know (I think?) that if I were to make a truth table with 2^6 variables and simplified it I'd get the same SOP as I'd get with th A multiplexer (or mux) is a device that selects one of several digital input signals and directs it to a single output. , Y based on the two control signal or selection lines, i. It is used to simplify the wiring of the circuit and make it easier to understand how different signals interact within the system. This is shown in Figure 3 for an example Multiplexer with four data inputs A, B, C, D and two select inputs, S 1 and S 0 , with the truth table. The block diagram of 4x1 Multiplexer is shown in the following figure. Interestingly, most Jan 27, 2023 · A multiplexer truth table is an essential tool for understanding and interpreting wiring diagrams. 1a, b, respec- tively. Truth table of 74x151 Truth table for 74x151 8-input, 1-bit multiplexer Only “control” inputs are listed under “Inputs” Outputs specified as 0” or “1”, or a simple logic function of “data” inputs (e. This multiplexer has eight input channels and one output channel, making it a powerful tool for data selection and control. It is well known that in the truth table variables B B C C D D progresses twice through the sequence 0 0 0 000, 0 0 1 001, …, 1 1 1 111; once with A = 0 A= 0 and other with A = 1 A = 1. , A0, A1, A2, and A3 forwards it to the output line, i. g. This multiplexer (MUX) is widely used in various applications such as data communication, memory addressing, and control circuits. Oct 9, 2018 · The one-stop guide for understanding digital multiplexer and demultiplexer circuit design, truth tables, cascading, working, applications and other FAQs. They are the two 1x4 DEMUX and one 1x2 DEMUX. Oct 8, 2024 · Multiplexer Truth Table and Circuit There are different types of multiplexer that have different truth tables and circuit diagrams. 5. The Output is selected as one of the 4 inputs which is based on the selection inputs. The 4X1 multiplexer’s block diagram and truth table are shown below. The graphical symbol and truth table of 4:1 MUX are shown in Fig. 4-to-1 Mux and Truth Table! An 4-to-1 mux for example will have 2 Selection Lines and will work for 3 Variable Input! To define those Inputs we have to know what kind of Outputs we have in everyInput combination. Oct 12, 2022 · The 8-1 Mux truth table is an essential tool for engineers, and understanding how it works is key to designing and optimizing digital signal processing. Then we will go through how we can implement AND gate Using 2:1 MUX, At last, we will conclude our Article with Some FAQs. May 10, 2023 · 4 To 1 Multiplexer Circuit Diagram And Truth TableThe 4 to 1 multiplexer is widely used in various applications such as data transmission, memory addressing, and even in the design of complex digital systems. Sep 29, 2025 · Truth Table Of A 1x8 De-Multiplexer The 1x8 DEMUX was designed by using two DEMUX. Here is a block diagram and abbreviated truth table for a 4-to-1 mux, which directs one of four different inputs to the single output line. Sep 8, 2017 · Multiplexer Circuit Diagram And Truth TableAre you curious about how multiplexer circuit diagrams and truth tables work? The concept may seem complex, but understanding how these tools work is actually quite simple. These values are represented by the numbers 0 and 1 - 0 for false and 1 for true. Apr 24, 2016 · A multiplexer is a collection of gates where none are arranged to retain an internal state. Aug 3, 2022 · The 8:1 Mux Truth Table and Equation provide a unique and powerful tool for digital signal processing. Oct 14, 2017 · A truth table illustrates all of the possible combinations of values that can be produced when a multiplexer or demultiplexer circuit is activated. Exercise 2 • Given the following truth table, draw the resulting logic circuit Download scientific diagram | The 4:1 multiplexer block diagram and truth table from publication: Design of Memristor-Based Combinational Logic Circuits | This paper proposes three modified Nov 8, 2022 · One of the most commonly used multiplexers in digital circuit design is the 8 1 mux. Dec 4, 2024 · The 8 1 Mux truth table and equation describe the behavior of the 8 1 multiplexer. For Example, if n = 2 then the mux will be of 4 to 1 mux with 4 input, 2 selection line and 1 output as shown below. Basically, it's a way to quickly determine whether two or more signals will produce a certain output. We already know how to use a single inverter gate to double this to two 8-row MUXes. If we want to create a single 16-row truth table, we somehow need to combine the two separate outputs into one output. Multiplexer and Demultiplexer: A multiplexer is a circuit that accept many input but give only one output. Symbol Truth Table S1 S0 Y 0 0 I0 0 1 I1 1 0 I2 1 1 I3 Circuit Larger Multiplexers Larger multiplexers can be constructed from smaller ones. Feb 14, 2023 · An 8:1 multiplexer, often referred to as an 8-to-1 multiplexer or simply an 8-input multiplexer, is a digital circuit component that selects one input signal from eight possible inputs and forwards it to a single output line based on control signals. For N input lines, m=log n (base2 2 to 1 Multiplexer is covered by the following Timestamps: 0:00 - Digital Electronics - Combinational Circuits 0:20 - Basics of Multiplexer 1:13 - Block Diagram of 2 to 1 Multiplexer 3:05 - Truth Feb 14, 2023 · We are dividing truth table into two parts using S1 select line and we are dividing S1 into two parts using S0 select line. Generally multiplexer and demultiplexer are used together, because of the communication systems are bi directional. Jan 29, 2016 · Multiplexer Multiplexer (MUX) select one input from the multiple inputs and forwarded to output line through selection line. A multiplexer or data selector, is a combinational circuit having multiple input line, select lines and one output line. See examples of 2-to-1, 4-to-1 and 4-to-2 multiplexers and their truth tables. By configuring the 8:1 Mux with a truth table and equation, it is possible to effortlessly divide a single input signal into multiple output signals. Let us see the block diagram of the 1x8 DEMUX as mentioned below. So, let’s start with the basic definition of the multiplexer. Dec 2, 2022 · The 8:1 MUX truth table and equations provide details about the behavior of an 8 bit MUX, which means it is capable of switching between up to 8 input signals. Mar 30, 2023 · Understanding 4 to 1 Multiplexer Truth Table Multiplexers are used in computing and communications systems to allow a single line of data to be read from multiple channels. A 2:1 MUX is the simplest form, having two inputs, one select line, and one output. The 4 215 1 Multiplexer Truth Table, for example, is a key component of today’s digital circuits that allows us to process and control signals in highly efficient and reliable ways. The block diagram of 1×8 Demultiplexer is shown in the following figure. Write brief note on multiplexer. One way to do this is to use the STROBEs to turn on only the MUX you need, and then to combine the outputs with an OR gate. A truth table of all possible input combinations can be used to describe such a device. These inputs are then combined with two control signals or selectors, to create eight possible output combinations. Select lines in multiplexer are considered as input for the truth table. The equation of the 4:1 MUX is described in the diagram below. A DEMUX has a single input line that connects to any one of the output lines based on its control input signal (or selection lines) Usually, for ‘n’ selection lines, there are N = 2^n output lines. A logical 0 0 Jul 25, 2023 · The truth table and Logic gate for a 2:1 MUX is as follows: 2:1 MUXs find applications in basic data routing, multiplexing digital signals, and in constructing more complex circuits. Multiplexer select binary information from many input lines and routes it to single output line. Notes: https://csegyan. Download scientific diagram | The 2-to-1 MUX and its truth table. The multiplexer interprets the number sent across the select line and sends the corresponding input to the output. A multiplexer, also known as Mux, is a digital circuit that selects one of several input signals and transmits it to a single output. Jul 31, 2025 · Introduction A Multiplexer (MUX) is a fundamental combinational logic circuit in digital electronics and VLSI design. This article describes the multiplexer, its block diagram, types, truth table, and applications. co May 20, 2023 · 4:1 Mux To design a 4:1 multiplexer using the minimum number of 2:1 multiplexers, let’s break down the 4:1 multiplexer truth table into three sections, as shown in Table 1. The connections to be made to the data inputs of the multiplexer, following rules are observed. Input Line Selection by MUX The input line selection is done by selection lines. To get the Boolean equation using the truth table by using K-Map. Truth table of 4x1 Multiplexer is shown below. By studying a truth table, it’s possible to quickly understand how each combination of values will affect the circuit. Depending on control inputs A, B, C one of the eight inputs Do to D7 is steered to output Y. 8:1 Mux : The circuit diagram of a 8-to-l multiplexer and its truth table is as shown below. According to the truth table, the expression for output is: Y = S̅D0 + SD1 Schematic Diagram of 2 to 1 Multiplexer using Logic Gates A MUX need AND gates equal to the number of input channels, NOT gates equal to the number of Control signals and a single OR gate. May 10, 2021 · Each MUX have different circuits, Boolean expression, truth table and working principle. A 4 215 1 Multiplexer (or 4:1 Mux) is a circuit that takes in four binary inputs and selects one of these inputs to 4. With two 2X1 MUX and select line S0, we are selecting I0,I1 and I2,I3 and it is label as W1 and W2. In general, a 2 N -input multiplexer can be programmed to perform any N -input logic function by applying 0’s and 1’s to the appropriate data inputs. Therefore a complete truth table has 2^3 or 8 entries. For example, if the enable signal is 0, the output will always remain low regardless of the data input lines. Figure-2:Block diagram of 4x1 Multiplexer Figure-3:Truth table of 4x1 Multiplexer 2) De-multiplexer Apr 14, 2023 · The truth table for a 4 to 1 Multiplexer circuit shows the different conditions of the output based on the combination of control signals and data input lines. 6. Nov 10, 2022 · The 8 1 Mux truth table represents the behavior of an 8-input multiplexer. Jul 12, 2025 · Procedure: Firstly truth table is constructed for the given multiplexer. The 8 1 Mux has eight data inputs, one select input, and one output. 1:8 DEMUX Here is the 1x8 DEMUX truth table as mentioned below. Thus, we connect logic 1 to the data input lines I 0, I 1, and I 3, and the logic 0 is The multiplexer data inputs are connected to 0 or 1, according to the corresponding row of the truth table. Nov 5, 2021 · The great thing about using a 4 to 1 Multiplexer Circuit Diagram And Truth Table Generator is that it's fast, easy to use, and produces accurate results. Dec 1, 2023 · The 8 1 Mux truth table represents the behavior of an 8-input multiplexer. The 4 to 1 multiplexer circuit diagram is a graphical representation of the logic behind the device's operation. Dec 3, 2021 · A multiplexer truth table is one of the most important concepts in digital logic circuits. The multiplexer is controlled by a second set of inputs called the select line. With the 8-1 Mux truth table, engineers have the ability to easily switch between different functions or operations when processing a digital signal. 3. Explain 8 : 1 multiplexer with the help of logic circuit and truth table. You can use this partitioning approach to simplify the design process. In this article, we will explore the 4 to 1 multiplexer circuit diagram, the truth table, and the wiring configuration in great detail. Jul 23, 2021 · A 4:1 multiplexer truth table is a digital logic circuit diagram which shows the value of the output based on the input signals. 2 to 1 Multiplexer 2 to 1 Multiplexer Circuit 2 to 1 multiplexer is the digital multiplexer logic circuit in which two data inputs lines D 0 and D 1 and one selects line S and one output line Y. To get the true table of multiplexer. Download Table | 4:1 Multiplexer truth table from publication: A Novel Architecture for Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata Multiplexer | Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) technology is attractive due Aug 22, 2019 · Moreover, MUX and Demux designs can allow for a great degree of flexibility, enabling data from multiple sources to be managed easily. The input data lines are controlled by n selection lines. II. Feb 7, 2023 · Introduction Multiplexer A 4: 1 multiplexer is a combinational circuit that has ‘n’ input lines, ‘m’ selection lines and single output line. This makes the 8:1 Mux an invaluable asset for a wide variety of applications. See the truth tables and circuit diagrams of 2x1, 4x1, 8x1 and 16x multiplexers. Oct 10, 2024 · With real-world applications in communication systems, data processing, and various digital technologies, understanding how a 4 to 1 MUX works can give a deeper insight into its functionality in complex circuits. It is used to determine the output of a multiplexer, which is a device that can select one of several inputs and output them as one signal. Learn what a multiplexer is, how it works, and how to implement different types of multiplexers using Boolean functions and logic gates. For example, MUX 2-to-1, 4-to-1, 8-to-1 etc. ( 0, 1, Q, Q'). The common selection lines, s1 & s0 are applied to both 1×4 Demultiplexers. Remember, each . Dec 3, 2022 · The 8:1 MUX truth table and equations provide details about the behavior of an 8 bit MUX, which means it is capable of switching between up to 8 input signals. In this video i will explain What is a 4-to-1 MUX?A 4-to-1 multiplexer takes 4 inputs and directs a single selected input to output. If the select line spells 0, then input 0 is passed. Oct 8, 2025 · Circuit Diagram of 2x1 Multiplexers Using truth table the circuit diagram can be given as Circuit Diagram of 2x1 Mux 4×1 Multiplexer The 4x1 Multiplexer which is also known as the 4-to-1 multiplexer. To create a single 16-row truth table, we can start by implementing parts of the table on different MUXs, and then combining the two separate outputs into one output. Its compact design and efficient use of resources make it a popular choice for many digital designers. haiapb mccegw eie hgfswxr lezc xwzjmet ichfhv giqk aqope zcsga pmkzle gyibjh unnbs nycua hakrj